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What the bleedin' hell are Turbos ! Everyone likes a good blow. The essence of the turbo is? more air? more fuel? more power. This article shows how a turbo works and why you want one. Don't forget, they are expensive (?3000 for a Turbo Technics conversion for the 1.9 Pug).

All those exhaust gas's just going to waste and polluting the small birds and wildlife. Why don't you do something with it?

How's it work then? If you pass this fast-moving exhaust gas through a cast iron passage containing a turbine wheel, it will make it spin. If you connected that via a common shaft to another wheel, with propellers closely fitted in an aluminum housing it would suck air in, then through centrifugal force, squash it then chuck it out the other side. From this, the air will now be moving much faster. We can now connect this air up to the induction system on your engine and you then have a supply of compressed air. Obviously, the faster the turbine spins, then the more air that you can get in to the engine. There does however, have to be a limit on how fast the turbine spins otherwise the engine would blow. Thus, when the compressor reaches a certain level, an actuator opens the wastegate in the turbine housing and lets the excess gas escape. The down side to all this is that you can get what is known as turbo lag. With the turbo working off exhaust gases there is a time when the car will be off boost. Thus until the boost cuts in you can get turbo lag as the car behaves like a normally aspirated one. When the boost kicks in however, it's like a kick in the teeth.

Boost me baby! If you want more boost then you just have to keep the wastegate open for a longer period of time. A standard turbo can cope with about 0.1 bar of boost. There are some rules for increasing boost.

1). Lower the compression ratio. Turbo engines work at very low compression ratios (which also explains why you can't just simply shove one on your Mini Metro without either enlarging the combustion chamber in the head or pistons).

2). Increase the amount of fuel going into the engine. This can be done by chipping/altering the ECU or by fitting larger injectors.

3). Install a bigger turbo. The main head honchos are Garrett and their turbos range from T2.5 turbos used in Renault 5's to the big bruiser T4 seen in the Cossie RS500.

4). Fit an intercooler. This cools the air before it gets back into the engine from the turbocharger. They are normally mounted in the air-stream at the front of the engine. The cooler the air, the more dense the air is, allowing more to be packed into each ?charge? of the cylinder.

Should I Get One? Well this is the big question. There are dangers. First off, is that your engine has got to be in good nick. If your Pug is looking at the wrong end of 100,000 miles then the likely hood is that you will need a complete rebuild for the fact that the head gasket is coming to the end of it's life, valve guides/pistons will be weakened etc. This list goes on. The following is all you need about converting your Pug to a turbo!

A big company like Turbo Technics put a lot of faith into their products. At the moment, all installations are covered by a 12 Month warranty (with unlimited mileage on brand new cars). Any vehicles that have done over 25,000 will need checking before commencement of work. The company will convert most Pugs but we are going to concentrate on the 205 GTi.? For the 1.6 version, power will increase to 160Bhp (almost 40%), while the 1.9 benefits from a bit more? 175Bhp. The 1.9 also boasts a two-stage boost function controlled by a button. This can change power from 140Bhp to 175Bhp at the flick of a switch. The on road performance figures take your breath away, especially in 4^th and 5^th gear.

Standard 1.9 GTi	Turbo Technics 1.6 Turbo	Turbo Technics 1.9 Turbo
Torque (Ib/ft @rpm) = 121/4750 0 ? 60mph = 7.9 seconds 0 ? 100mph = 25.9 50 ? 70mph 4^th gear = 5.6 ????? ????????????5^th gear = 7.5 Max Speed (mph) = 127	Torque (Ib/ft @rpm) = 162/3000 0 ? 60mph = 7.2 seconds 0 ? 100mph = 20.0 50 ? 70mph 4^th gear = 4.3 ????????????????? 5^th gear = 6.2 Max Speed (mph) = 130	Torque (Ib/ft @rpm) = 182/3000 0 ? 60mph = 6.2 seconds 0 ? 100mph = 18.00 50 ? 70mph 4^th gear = 4.1 ????????????????? 5^th gear = 5.0 Max Speed (mph) = 136

TT Conversion Specifications:

Turbo Charger ? Turbo Technics/Garrett T25 with water-cooled centre housing for extended life, with integral wastegate pressure control.

Boost ? Single stage (on the 1.6), two stage on the 1.9. Maximum boost on both conversions is 0.65bar.

Compression Ratio ? Lowered to 8:8:1 on the 1.6 and 8:6:1 on the 1.9.

Air System ? Air supply is through the standard filter to the compressor, then cooled by a front mounted intercooler before passing to????????????? the standard inlet manifold.

Fuel System ? The standard injection is kept with an additional injector mounted into the throttle body. Supplementary injection is controlled by a TT mapped ECU.

Ignition ? The standard high-energy electronic ignition is retained with a modified advance characteristic incorporating a vacuum advance/pressure retard capsule. Wide heat-range spark plugs are also used.

Lubrication ? An oil supply is taken from the main engine via Aeroquip pipe to the turbo returning to the sump. A sump baffle is put in place to prevent oil surge.

Cooling ? The standard radiator is retained with its cooling fan in the 1.6. The 1.9 will have a large 10-row oil cooler fitted. A water supply feeds through the turbo centre housing to increase cooling after shutdown.

The conclusion is GO FOR IT if you have the cash and your engine is a little cracker. However, the price at ?3000 for the conversion on both the 1.6 or 1.9 version is a little steep to say the least. If you don?t want the last word in performance then go for carbs. If you want a Cossie eating monster? Blow it baby!